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 Понедельник, 30 Сентября 2013

Национальное Собрание Армении внесло изменения и дополнения в закон "Об использовании атомной энергии в мирных целях"

Национальное Собрание Армении внесло изменения и дополнения в закон "Об использовании атомной энергии в мирных целях"

Национальное
Собрание Армении на заседании 30 сентября во втором и окончательном чтении
внесло изменения и дополнения в закон "Об использовании атомной энергии в
мирных целях". Кроме того, парламентарии внесли поправки в закон "О
порядке организации и проведении проверок в организациях и учреждениях".


Как отметил в
своем выступлении председатель Государственного комитета по регулированию
ядерной безопасности (Госатомнадзор) Армении Ашот Мартиросян, Ко второму чтению
поступили предложения от вице-спикера парламента Эрмине Нагдалян, которые
приняты авторами документов. Основной целью представленного пакета является исключение
попыток ядерного терроризма и незаконного использования ядерного материала.
Предлагается, в частности, урегулировать вопросы, касающиеся проведения учета
ядерного материала,  усиления контроля за
его использованием и cнятия с учета. Законопроект разработан при содействии
экспертов МАГАТЭ. Проблема усугубляется тем, что в армянском языке отсутствует
ряд терминов, используемых в английском языке. Законопроектом установлен
перечень из 25 наименований ядерного материала, за которым предусмотрено усиление
контроля. Речь идет о высокообогащенном уране, низко-обогащенном уране,
радиоактивных изотопах и других.  Пакетом
установлены и стандарты использования ядерной энергии, разработанные МАГАТЭ, а
также применение гарантий при реализации данных стандартов.  Предусмотрено, в частности, усилить контроль
за отработанным ядерным топливом, которые должны быть взяты на учет, пройдя при
этом соответствующие технические процедуры. Армянская сторона в случае принятия
пакета обязуется периодически предоставлять информацию в МАГАТЭ о ситуации с
ядерным материалом, что,  в свою очередь,
привело авторов пакета к мысли о необходимости внесения изменений в закон
"О порядке организации и проведения проверок в организациях и учреждениях
".  Важность принятия законопроектов
обусловлена и тем, что с 1956 года, когда было создано МАГАТЭ,  на атомных станциях 14 стран мира произошло
150 различных аварий, а радиоактивные вещества продолжают процесс выделения
радиоактивности в течение  24 тысяч - 240
тысяч лет. Отметим, что власти Армении собираются построить новый ядерный
энергоблок на площадке нынешней Армянской АЭС возле города Мецамор. Станция
введена в эксплуатацию в 1976 году, в настоящее время функционирует только
второй блок мощностью 407,5 МВт, который вырабатывает в среднем от 40% до 50%
всей производимой в Армении электроэнергии. 
Пока речь идет о строительстве одного энергоблока мощностью 1000
МВт.  По данным Госатомнадзора, стоимость
строительства нового блока Армянской АЭС в Армении составит около $5 млрд.
Правительство Армении в апреле текущего года продлило срок проектной
эксплуатации второго энергоблока Армянской АЭС. В правительственном решении
отмечается, что в соответствии с действующим законодательством Армении,
лицензия на эксплуатацию второго блока ААЭТ выдана в 2011 сроком на 10 лет,
однако, по условиям эксплуатации, ее срок заканчивается 1-го сентября 2016
года. 

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